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作者：Perakis, Georgia; Roels, Guillaume
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：In urban transportation planning, it has become critical (1) to determine the travel time of a traveler and how it is affected by congestion, and (2) to understand how traffic distributes in a transportation network. In the first part of this paper, we derive an analytical function of travel time, based on the theory of kinematic waves. This travel-time function integrates the traffic dynamics as well as the effects of shocks. Numerical examples demonstrate the quality of the analytical functi...
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作者：Ceselli, Alberto; Righini, Giovanni
作者单位：University of Milan
摘要：The multilevel generalized assignment problem (MGAP) is a variation of the generalized assignment problem, in which agents can execute tasks at different efficiency levels with different costs. We present a branch-and-price algorithm that is the first exact algorithm for the MGAP. It is based on a decomposition into a master problem with set-partitioning constraints and a pricing subproblem that is a multiple-choice knapsack problem. We report on our computational experience with randomly gene...
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作者：Blazewicz, Jacek; Oguz, Ceyda; Swiercz, Aleksandra; Weglarz, Jan
作者单位：Poznan University of Technology; Polish Academy of Sciences; Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences; Koc University
摘要：An innovative approach to DNA sequencing by hybridization utilizes isothermic oligonucleotide libraries. In this paper, we demonstrate the utility of a genetic algorithm for the combinatorial portion of this new approach by incorporating characteristics of DNA sequencing by hybridization in addition to isothermic oligonucleotide libraries. Specialized crossover and mutation operators were developed for this purpose. After initial experiments for parameter adjustment, the performance of the gen...
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作者：Washburn, Alan
作者单位：United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; Naval Postgraduate School
摘要：This paper deals with the conflict between simplicity and optimality in searching for a stationary target whose location is distributed in two dimensions, thus continuing an analysis that was begun in World War II. The search is assumed to be of the piled-slab type, where each slab consists of a uniform search of some simple region. The measure of simplicity is the number of regions (smaller is simpler). If each of a fixed number of elliptical regions is searched randomly, we find the optimal ...
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作者：Keeney, Ralph L.; See, Kelly E.; von Winterfeldt, Detlof
作者单位：Duke University; New York University; University of Southern California
摘要：This paper describes a decision analysis methodology to evaluate academic programs. It avoids the shortcomings of the well-known evaluations of universities and academic programs produced by the public media. In addition to evaluating traditional departments and schools, the methodology is designed to evaluate interdisciplinary programs or fields that typically span many areas of a university, such as operations research, risk analysis, and decision science. We first discuss general principles...
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作者：Agur, Zvia; Hassin, Refael; Levy, Sigal
作者单位：Tel Aviv University; Academic College of Tel Aviv Yaffo
摘要：We develop a method for computing efficient patient-specific drug protocols. Using this method, we identify two general categories of anticancer drug protocols, depending on the temporal cycle parameters of the host and cancer cells: a one-time intensive treatment, or a series of nonintensive treatments. Our method is based on a theoretical and experimental work showing that treatment efficacy can be improved by determining the dosing frequency on the drug-susceptible target and host cell-cycl...
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作者：Keha, Ahmet B.; de Farias, Ismael R., Jr.; Nemhauser, George L.
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; State University of New York (SUNY) System; University at Buffalo, SUNY; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
摘要：We give a branch-and-cut algorithm for solving linear programs (LPs) with continuous separable piecewise-linear cost functions (PLFs). Models for PLFs use continuous variables in special-ordered sets of type 2 (SOS2). Traditionally, SOS2 constraints are enforced by introducing auxiliary binary variables and other linear constraints on them. Alternatively, we can enforce SOS2 constraints by branching on them, thus dispensing with auxiliary binary variables. We explore this approach further by s...
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作者：Caldentey, Rene; Wein, Lawrence M.
作者单位：New York University; Stanford University
摘要：Motivated by recent electronic marketplaces, we consider a single-product make-to-stock manufacturing system that uses two alternative selling channels: long-term contracts and a spot market of electronic orders. At time 0, the risk-averse manufacturer selects the long-term contract price, at which point buyers choose one of the two channels. The resulting long-term contract demand is a deterministic fluid, while the spot-market demand is modeled as a stochastic renewal process. An exponential...
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作者：Ata, Baris
作者单位：Northwestern University
摘要：As a model of make-to-order production, we consider an admission control problem for a multiclass, single-server queue. The production system serves multiple demand streams, each having a rigid due-date lead time. To meet the due-date constraints, a system manager may reject orders when a backlog of work is judged to be excessive, thereby incurring lost revenues. The system manager strives to minimize long-run average lost revenues by dynamically making admission control and sequencing decisio...
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作者：Netessine, Serguei; Savin, Sergei; Xiao, Wenqiang
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; Columbia University; New York University
摘要：We consider the problem of dynamically cross-selling products (e.g., books) or services (e.g., travel reservations) in the e-commerce setting. In particular, we look at a company that faces a stream of stochastic customer arrivals and may offer each customer a choice between the requested product and a package containing the requested product as well as another product, what we call a packaging complement. Given consumer preferences and product inventories, we analyze two issues: (1) how to se...
