作者：Cassiman, Bruno; Valentini, Giovanni
作者单位：University of Navarra; IESE Business School; Bocconi University; Bocconi University
摘要：One novel implication of the open innovation paradigm is that inflows and outflows of knowledge are complementary. We argue that engaging simultaneously in buying and selling knowledge should allow firms to increase innovation outcomes. At the same time, we identify some of the relevant costs (cognitive, transaction, and organizational costs) that open firms can reduce by combining knowledge inflows and outflows. Empirically, however, we find no evidence for such complementarity in a sample of...
