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作者：Xia, Li; Zhang, Luyao; Glynn, Peter W.
作者单位：Sun Yat Sen University; Stanford University
摘要：CVaR (Conditional value at risk) is a risk metric widely used in finance. However, dynamically optimizing CVaR is difficult, because it is not a standard Markov decision process (MDP) and the principle of dynamic programming fails. In this paper, we study the infinite-horizon discrete-time MDP with a long-run CVaR criterion, from the view of sensitivity-based optimization. By introducing a pseudo-CVaR metric, we reformulate the problem as a bilevel MDP model and derive a CVaR difference formul...
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作者：Chen, Jialie
作者单位：University of Arkansas System; University of Arkansas Fayetteville; University of Arkansas System; University of Arkansas Fayetteville
摘要：For many multiplayer games, including massively multiplayer online role-playing games, consumer skill sets with the game play an important role in engagement. Despite their importance, many aspects of consumers' skill sets are still less well understood. This research considers the formation and evolution of players' skill sets from two perspectives: (1) learning-by-doing, in which a consumer gradually improves his or her skill set with the game from past experiences with other players, and (2...
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作者：Hotkar, Parshuram; Garg, Rajiv; Sussman, Kristen
作者单位：Indian School of Business (ISB); Emory University; Texas State University System; Texas State University San Marcos
摘要：Social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter have emerged as effective channels for advertising that enable consumer targeting based on demographics, interests, and user behavior. Social media marketers have utilized information spillover within these platforms to reach a larger customer base. This information spillover also exists across groups of users within the platform and enhances returns from social media advertising. Thus, this information spillover can be utilized to strategically...
