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作者：Gittell, Jody Hoffer; Seidner, Rob; Wimbush, Julian
作者单位：Brandeis University; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：In this paper we explore a causal mechanism through which high-performance work systems contribute to performance outcomes. We propose that high-performance work systems can improve organizational performance by strengthening relationships among employees who perform distinct functions, a pathway that is expected to be particularly important in settings characterized by highly interdependent work. In a nine-hospital study of patient care, we identify high-performance work practices that positi...
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作者：Dushnitsky, Gary
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
摘要：How do potentially optimistic entrepreneurs attract prospective investors? We investigate an entrepreneur's decision to pursue either disclosure-where investors inspect the invention-or a contingent payment scheme (CPS) offer (e.g., salary deferral, royalty-based license)-where an invention's value is inferred from the entrepreneur's willingness to make her pay contingent on the invention's success. Using a parsimonious model, we highlight the role of optimism and demonstrate that it only affe...
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作者：Gino, Francesca; Pierce, Lamar
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Washington University (WUSTL)
摘要：This paper investigates whether an employee's perception of customer wealth affects his likelihood of engaging in illegal behavior. We propose that envy and empathy lead employees to discriminate in illicitly helping customers based on customer wealth. We test for this hypothesis in the vehicle emissions testing market, where employees have the opportunity to illegally help customers by passing vehicles that would otherwise fail emissions tests. We find that for a significant number of inspect...
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作者：Haas, Martine R.; Park, Sangchan
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; National University of Singapore
摘要：Why do scientists withhold information from colleagues, violating the professional norm of sharing? Norm violations are usually attributed to individual interests that lead scientists to reject professional norms. In contrast, we take the view that norm violations can occur when professional norms are valued but it is difficult to ascertain the appropriate course of professional conduct. This view suggests that scientists may look to cues from their professional reference groups to resolve soc...
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作者：Arend, Richard J.; Levesque, Moren
作者单位：Nevada System of Higher Education (NSHE); University of Nevada Las Vegas; University of Waterloo
摘要：We explore the question of whether the resource-based view (RBV) is a practical theory for managers. We test the ability of the RBV to provide two pieces of practical information: (1) the identification of the very few strategic assets from a large set of assets, and (2) the estimation of the functional form of how such strategic assets' critical VRIO characteristic levels relate to firm performance. We do so by modeling the tenets of the RBV and adjusting them in a simulation. We place oursel...
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作者：Turner, Scott F.; Mitchell, Will; Bettis, Richard A.
作者单位：University of South Carolina System; University of South Carolina Columbia; Duke University; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：This study examines how competitive market conditions shape the responsiveness with which businesses release generational product innovations (GPIs) following the introduction of GPIs by either competitors or complementary firms. GPIs are substantial technical advances in the performance of products within technology regimes. Prior studies of innovation timing in the organizational strategy literature emphasize internally driven strategies of GPI. Although internally driven strategies may pred...
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作者：Kumar, M. V. Shyam
作者单位：Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
摘要：I examine why there are differences in wealth gains between firms when they announce a joint venture (JV). Building on transaction cost economics and the resource-based view, I argue that, because JVs often involve incomplete contracts, differences in wealth gains arise due to resource appropriation and private benefits. As a result, two factors become important in understanding whether a firm earns higher/lower wealth gains than its partner: ( 1) its potential for earning private benefits and...
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作者：Lomi, Alessandro; Larsen, Erik R.; Wezel, Filippo Carlo
作者单位：Universita della Svizzera Italiana; University of Bologna
摘要：Because of preproduction delays, environmental conditions at founding cannot explain organization-building decisions taken earlier. As a consequence, environmental conditions at founding cannot explain organizational founding. Future levels of resource availability may be estimated, but not directly observed by potential entrepreneurs at the time at which they decide to enter preproduction. In this paper, we take these considerations as our starting point to build a dynamic feedback model of o...
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作者：Jeppesen, Lars Bo; Lakhani, Karim R.
作者单位：Copenhagen Business School; Harvard University
摘要：We examine who the winners are in science problem-solving contests characterized by open broadcast of problem information, self-selection of external solvers to discrete problems from the laboratories of large research and development intensive companies, and blind review of solution submissions. Analyzing a unique data set of 166 science challenges involving over 12,000 scientists revealed that technical and social marginality, being a source of different perspectives and heuristics, plays an...
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作者：Graffin, Scott D.; Ward, Andrew J.
作者单位：University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; Lehigh University
摘要：We develop a theory that examines how a particular type of third-party quality signal, certifications, influences an actor's long-term reputation by addressing two different types of uncertainty. The first type deals with the degree to which the capabilities of an actor can be inferred over time based on known performance dimensions. We label this technical uncertainty. The second type deals with assessing whether the perceived capabilities of the actor meet the standard of desirability, which...
