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作者：Luthans, F; Ibrayeva, ES
作者单位：University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln; Minnesota State Colleges & Universities; Southwestern Minnesota State University
摘要：In both quantitative and qualitative field studies, the self-efficacy of entrepreneurs in the transition economies of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan is examined. Using a social cognitive framework, the complex interaction among these entrepreneurs' (N = 133) personal characteristics, environment, and self-efficacy is analyzed by structural equation modeling. Their self-efficacy was found to have a direct and mediating impact on performance. Another sample of entrepreneurs from these countries (N = ...
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作者：Friedman, Ray; Chi, Shu-Cheng; Liu, Leigh Anne
作者单位：Vanderbilt University; National Taiwan University; University System of Georgia; Georgia State University
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作者：Wei, Y.; Liu, X.
作者单位：Lancaster University; Hunan University; University of Surrey
摘要：This paper assesses productivity spillovers from R&D, exports and the very presence of foreign direct investment (FDI) in China's manufacturing sector, based on a panel of more than 10,000 indigenous and foreign-invested firms for 1998-2001. There are positive inter-industry productivity spillovers from R&D and exports, and positive intra- and inter-industry productivity spillovers from foreign presence to indigenous Chinese firms within regions. OECD-invested firms seem to play a much greater...
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作者：Tregaskis, O; Brewster, C
作者单位：De Montfort University; University of Reading
摘要：This paper makes a unique contribution to the HRM convergence/divergence debate by examining whether organisations operating in Europe, over the 10-year time period preceding 2000, are converging in their adoption of contingent employment practice. The susceptibility of contingent employment practice to both convergent and divergent pressures acts as a useful analytical lens. Data are drawn from organisations operating in Germany, Spain, Sweden, the Netherlands and the UK in 1991 (2918 organis...
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作者：Javidan, Mansour; House, Robert J.; Dorfman, Peter W.; Hanges, Paul J.; de Luque, Mary Sully
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; New Mexico State University; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：This paper explains why GLOBE used a set of cultural values and practices to measure national cultures. We show why there is no theoretical or empirical basis for Hofstede's criticism that GLOBE measures of values are too abstract or for his contention that national and organizational cultures are phenomena of different order. We also show why Hofstede has a limited understanding of the relationship between national wealth and culture. Furthermore, we explain why Hofstede's reanalysis of the G...
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作者：Earley, P. Christopher
作者单位：National University of Singapore
摘要：The styles and approaches used in cross-cultural organizational research are nearly as varied as the cultures under study. We see two variations of one dominant style in the work of Hofstede and the GLOBE research consortium. In this commentary, I shall place these approaches in context and discuss alternatives that seem to be highly promising but largely overlooked. Based on this analysis, I conclude that it may well be time that this form of large-scale, multi-country survey be set aside for...
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作者：Coviello, Nicole E.
作者单位：University of Auckland
摘要：This study uses multi-site case research to advance a set of propositions regarding the network dynamics of early-stage international new ventures. The investigative approach builds on arguments that network theory and analysis are fundamental to international entrepreneurship. In the spirit of cross-disciplinary research, perspectives from the entrepreneurship literature are embraced to help inform our understanding of international new venture networks.
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作者：Doukas, John A.; Kan, Ozgur B.
作者单位：Old Dominion University
摘要：Previous empirical studies have found that global diversification results in 18% shareholder loss. In this paper, we examine the sources behind the global diversification shareholder value loss in a contingent claims framework. This postulates that the risk-reduction effects of global diversification should decrease the value of shareholder equity (call option), whereas they should increase bondholder value. Consequently, near-all equity globally diversified firms should not experience a share...
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作者：Friedman, R; Chi, SC; Liu, LA
作者单位：Vanderbilt University; National Taiwan University; University System of Georgia; Georgia State University
摘要：This paper develops an expectancy model for Chinese-American differences in conflict-avoiding, and tests this model using a scenario study with respondents from Taiwan and the US. Our results show that a higher Chinese tendency to avoid conflict is explained by higher Chinese expectations that direct conflict will hurt the relationship with the other party, and by greater concern for the other party among Chinese. It is not, however, explained by differences in the expected career costs/benefi...
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作者：Smith, Peter B.
作者单位：University of Sussex
摘要：Four aspects of the debate between Hofstede and Javidan et al. are highlighted. First, it is shown that characterizing cultures either on the basis of aggregated self-perceptions or on the basis of aggregated perceptions of others in one's society are not equivalent procedures. Each has inherent errors, and neither can be considered as providing the one best way to denote national cultures. Furthermore, the number of dimensions of national culture that can be usefully studied must be proportio...
