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作者：Sojli, Elvira; Tham, Wing Wah
作者单位：University of New South Wales Sydney
摘要：Liability of foreignness, a firm's social and economic costs of operating in a foreign market, is a major concern for multinational corporations and firms trying to enter new markets. To reduce the liability of foreignness, a firm may engage in strategic international political management via foreign political connections and thus lower barriers to entry. Faccio (Am Econ Rev 96(1):369-386, 2006) suggests that political connections can be established by having large shareholders, who are politi...
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作者：Vahlne, Jan-Erik; Johanson, Jan
作者单位：University of Gothenburg; Uppsala University
摘要：The original Uppsala model that was published in 1977 explains the internationalization process of firms. We have further developed the model several times in the intervening years. The present article is our latest effort: a general model of the evolution of the multinational business enterprise ( MBE), from early steps abroad to being a global firm. The updated, augmented model explains MBE evolution in general, not only characteristics of the internationalization process in a narrow sense. ...
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作者：Xia, Tianjiao; Liu, Xiaohui
作者单位：Loughborough University; Southwestern University of Finance & Economics - China
摘要：Competition plays an important role in creating conditions favourable to innovation. However, is this the case for all types of competition? While recognizing the importance of competition in innovation, we address this question by examining the impact of foreign and domestic competition on the innovation performance of private high-tech new ventures. We argue that the impact of foreign and domestic competition on the innovation performance of local private firms may vary, due to the different...
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作者：Clarke, James E.; Liesch, Peter W.
作者单位：University of Queensland
摘要：We interpret the wait-and-see strategy as a decision to maintain unchanged the firm's commitments to its business network relationships. To explain why firms choose a wait-and-see strategy, we propose an extension to the relationship commitment decisions aspect of the Uppsala internationalization process (IP) Model. With this development, we explain that the wait-and-see strategy can result from a change in the levels of risk assumed in the firm and not only from the decision to adjust the ris...
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作者：Ivus, Olena; Park, Walter G.; Saggi, Kamal
作者单位：Queens University - Canada; American University; Vanderbilt University
摘要：This article examines how patent protection in developing countries affects the technology licensing strategy of US multinational firms and the associated technology transfer flows. Strengthening patent rights lowers appropriability hazards and so reduces the firms' reliance on affiliated licensing as the more secure means of transfer (the internalization effect). However lower appropriability hazards also encourage the firms to increase the volume of technology transfer via licensing both wit...
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作者：Ellis, Jesse A.; Moeller, Sara B.; Schlingemann, Frederik P.; Stulz, Rene M.
作者单位：North Carolina State University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：The agency theory and law and finance literatures show good country governance encourages financial development, mitigates agency problems, and increases firm value. Drawing on these literatures, we develop a theory that benefits from good country governance are portable by firms across countries through cross-border acquisitions. Using acquisitions from 56 countries from 1990 to 2007, we find that acquirers can transport the benefits from good country governance, so that they gain more from a...
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作者：Cantwell, John; Verbeke, Alain
作者单位：Rutgers University System; Rutgers University Newark; Rutgers University New Brunswick; University of Calgary
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作者：Berry, Heather
作者单位：George Washington University
摘要：Although knowledge assets provide multinational corporations (MNCs) with competitive advantages in foreign markets, it can be difficult for firms to protect their knowledge in foreign countries - especially countries with weak intellectual property (IP) protection. Building on and extending the knowledge management, institutional theory and expatriate literatures, this article explores whether home country expatriates can substitute for weak IP protection and drive an increase in more and more...
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作者：Chandra, Yanto
作者单位：City University of Hong Kong
摘要：This article investigates two important research gaps in international business (IB): how entrepreneurs evaluate international entrepreneurial opportunities (IEOs) and the role of time in the evaluation process. Drawing on the literature on decision-making models and the philosophical foundation of opportunity, this study employs Gioia's methodology and content analysis to examine how the founders of 15 early-internationalizing firms evaluated IEOs in the early- and late-stage of international...
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作者：Doh, Jonathan; Rodrigues, Suzana; Saka-Helmhout, Ayse; Makhija, Mona
作者单位：Villanova University; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Radboud University Nijmegen; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要：For nearly two decades, scholars in international business and management have explored the implications of institutional voids for firm strategy and structure. Although institutional voids offer both opportunities and challenges, they have largely been associated with firms' efforts to avoid or mitigate institutional deficiencies and reduce the transaction costs associated with operating in settings subject to those institutional shortcomings. The goal of this special issue is to advance scho...
