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作者：Hoehn-Velasco, Lauren
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia State University
摘要：This paper estimates the long-term impact of childhood exposure to a preventative public health programme on adult human capital. From 1908 to 1933, local governments in the United States instituted county-level health departments (CHDs) that provided preventative health services geared towards children. This paper estimates the long-term benefits of childhood exposure to this public programme using variation in CHID location, timing and age of exposure. CHD operation before the age of 5 incre...
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作者：Guyon, Nina; Hunk, Elise
作者单位：National University of Singapore; Universite PSL; Universite Paris-Dauphine; Universite PSL
摘要：Socially disadvantaged students are less likely to aspire to the top educational pathways than their advantaged classmates who have the same test scores. We identify two behavioural biases that explain most of this gap: socially disadvantaged students are less aware of the top educational pathways and underestimate their academic ability relative to their advantaged peers. We also find that lower educational aspirations at a point in time are associated with poorer school outcomes later on, af...
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作者：Lindenlaub, Ilse; Prummer, Anja
作者单位：Yale University; University of London; Queen Mary University London
摘要：We develop a theory that links individuals' network structure to their productivity and earnings. While a higher degree leads to better access to information, more clustering leads to higher peer pressure. Both information and peer pressure affect effort in a model of team production, with each being beneficial in a different environment. We find that information is particularly valuable under high uncertainty, whereas peer pressure is more valuable in the opposite case. We apply our theory to...
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作者：Andolfatto, David
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - St. Louis
摘要：This paper investigates how a central bank digital currency can be expected to impact a monopolistic banking sector. The paper's framework of analysis combines the Diamond (1965) model of government debt with the Klein (1971) and Monti (1972) model of a monopoly bank. The paper finds that the introduction of a central bank digital currency has no detrimental effect on batik lending activity and may, in some circumstances, even serve to promote it. Competitive pressure leads to a higher monopol...
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作者：Cavalcanti, Tiago; Kocharkov, Georgi; Santos, Cezar
作者单位：University of Cambridge; Getulio Vargas Foundation; Deutsche Bundesbank; Banco de Portugal; Getulio Vargas Foundation
摘要：What is the role of family planning interventions on fertility, savings, human capital investment and development? To examine this, endogenous unwanted fertility is embedded in an otherwise standard quantity-quality overlapping generations model of fertility and growth. The model features costly fertility control and families can (partially) insure against a fertility risk by using costly modern contraceptives. In the event of unexpected pregnancies, households can also opt to abort some pregn...
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作者：Ericson, Keith Marzilli; Kircher, Philipp; Spinnewijn, Johannes; Stare, Amanda
作者单位：Boston University; Cornell University; Universite Catholique Louvain; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Northwestern University
摘要：Demand for insurance can be driven by high risk aversion or high-risk. We show how to separately identify risk preferences and risk types using only choices from menus of insurance plans. Our revealed preference approach does not rely on rational expectations, nor does it require access to claims data. We show what can be learned non-parametrically about the type distributions from variation in insurance plans, offered separately to random cross-sections or offered as part of the same menu to ...
