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作者：Javorcik, Beata S.; Oezden, Caglar; Spatareanu, Mariana; Neagu, Cristina
作者单位：University of Oxford; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; The World Bank; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Rutgers University Newark
摘要：Although there exists a sizeable literature documenting the importance of ethnic networks for international trade, little attention has been devoted to studying the effects of migrants on foreign direct investment (FDI). The presence of migrants can stimulate FDI by promoting information flows across international borders and by serving as a contract enforcement mechanism. This paper investigates the link between the presence of migrants in the US and US FDI in the migrants' countries of origi...
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作者：Henderson, J. Vernon; Kuncoro, Ari
作者单位：Brown University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Indonesia
摘要：Indonesia has a tradition of corruption among local officials who harass and collect bribes from firms. This paper examines whether corruption is affected by local democratization and by the party composition of local assemblies. Democratization occurred in 1999 and decentralization in 2001. We have firm-level data for 2001 and 2004. The 2001 data benchmark corruption at the time of decentralization. We find that corruption declines between 2001 and 2004 overall, but much less so in districts ...
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作者：Ponczek, Vladimir
作者单位：Getulio Vargas Foundation
摘要：This study examines the impacts of the 1991 reform of Brazil's rural pension system on schooling and health indicators. We conclude that the reform had significant positive effects on schooling, especially on literacy for girls co-residing with a male pensioner. We were unable to find similar results for children living with a female pensioner. We further investigated whether these results were driven by bargaining power differences within households; our findings suggest that this explanation...
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作者：Francois, Joseph; Rojas-Romagosa, Hugo
作者单位：Johannes Kepler University Linz; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy
摘要：Working with Sen social welfare functions (meaning explicit separability between mean income and income dispersion), we develop a generalized dual approach to tracking household inequality aspects of social welfare in general equilibrium. We highlight how household equity can be examined analytically alongside production efficiency in duality-based models, using our dual framework to explore potential trade-offs between efficiency and equity effects of trade policy. Our results complement the ...
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作者：Holz, Carsten A.
作者单位：University of Southern California; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
摘要：Albert Hirschman's unbalanced growth hypothesis suggests that a developing economy can promote economic growth by initially investing in industries with high backward and forward linkages. In the case of Chinese economic policy today, one application would be the continued presence of the state in high-linkage sectors and the strategic withdrawal of the state from low-linkage sectors. The evidence shows that while the degree of linkage plays an important role in generating economic growth in C...
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作者：Lamarche, Carlos
作者单位：University of Oklahoma System; University of Oklahoma - Norman
摘要：This paper employs newly developed quantile regression techniques to investigate a policy that could differentially affect students' performance. The Colombian vouchers were assigned using lotteries, and were renewable as long as the students maintained satisfactory academic progress. This second aspect of the program may provide incentives for low attainment students to work harder. The evidence supports the hypothesis that incentives could account for the impact of the vouchers, including lo...
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作者：Kandilov, Ivan T.; Leblebicioglu, Asli
作者单位：North Carolina State University
摘要：We estimate the impact of exchange rate volatility on firms' investment decisions in a developing country setting. Employing plant-level panel data from the Colombian Manufacturing Census, we estimate a dynamic investment equation using the system-GMM estimator developed by Arellano and Bover (1995) and Blundell and Bond (1998). We find a robust negative impact of exchange rate volatility, constructed either using a GARCH model or a simple standard deviation measure, on plant investment. Consi...
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作者：Dercon, Stefan; Christiaensen, Luc
作者单位：University of Oxford; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; The World Bank
摘要：Much has been written on the determinants of technology adoption in agriculture, with issues such as input availability, knowledge and education, risk preferences, profitability, and credit constraints receiving much attention. This paper focuses on a factor that has been less well documented: the differential ability of households to take on risky production technologies for fear of the welfare consequences if shocks result in poor harvests. Building on an explicit model, this is explored in ...
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作者：Strobl, Eric; Strobl, Robert O.
作者单位：Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole Polytechnique
摘要：We examine the distributional impact of large dams on cropland productivity in Africa. As our unit of analysis we use a hydrology based spatial breakdown of the continent that allows one to exactly define regions in terms of their upstream/downstream relationship at a highly disaggregated level. We then use satellite data to derive measures of cropland productivity within these areas. Our econometric analysis shows that while regions downstream benefit from large dams, no beneficial effects ac...
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作者：Zenou, Yves
作者单位：Stockholm University
摘要：We develop a search-matching model with rural-urban migration and an explicit land market. Wages, job creation, urban housing prices are endogenous and we characterize the steady-state equilibrium. We then consider three different policies: a transportation policy that improves the public transport system in the city, an entry-cost policy that encourages investment in the city and a restricting-migration policy that imposes some costs on migrants. We show that all these policies can increase u...
