作者：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：This article analyzes a large quantity of new data documenting the actual characteristics and behavior of early reaper adopters. It shows that a surprisingly large number of small-scale farmers were among the early purchasers and that institutional evolution-the emergence of local markets and cooperative exchanges for reaper services-encouraged rapid diffusion. These findings call into question the standard interpretation of northern farms as self-contained production units and, more specifica...
作者：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Between 1890 and 1914, California agriculture rapidly shifted from extensive to intensive crops, emerging as one of the world's major suppliers of Mediterranean products. Based on an analysis of new data on price and quantity movements, this article calls into question the traditional emphasis on changes in transportation, water, and labor market conditions as explanations for California's transformation. It argues that increases in fruit supply outpaced increases in demand and that declining ...
作者：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Parkside
摘要：During the 1920s, federal personal income tax rates, which had been dramatically increased during World War I, were sharply reduced. These tax rate cuts have often been cited as an example of a successful supply-side policy, but they have also been criticized as policies designed primarily to benefit the wealthy. We argue that a primary motive for the tax cuts of the 1920s was the desire to reduce the tax avoidance by wealthier individuals that occurred as a result of the previous tax rate inc...
