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作者：University of Warwick
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作者：William & Mary
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作者：University of Cambridge
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作者：University of Delaware
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作者：Yale University
摘要：In the United States a century ago, working children turned over almost all of their earnings to their parents. What incentives, then, did they have to work? Standard answers include altruism or the sticks wielded by parents and employers. This article argues that there were also carrots: working gave children greater influence in household decision making. Using data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics Cost of Living Survey 1917-1919, this article shows that working children had higher clothi...
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作者：Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medical Center
摘要：Long-distance trade depends crucially on the enforcement of long-distance contracts, those in which principals are significantly removed from agents. The problem of contract enforcement in the English East India Company reflected a multi-task principal-agent problem in which servants traded publicly for the company and at the same time conducted their own private trade. Private trade, sustained by the private use of company resources, and dismissals were the mechanisms that made East India con...
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作者：University System of Georgia; Georgia Southern University
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作者：Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Tel Aviv University
摘要：The intellectual origins of the Industrial Revolution are traced back to the Baconian program of the seventeenth century, which aimed at expanding the set of useful knowledge and applying natural philosophy to solve technological problems and bring about economic growth. The eighteenth-century Enlightenment in the West carried out this program through a series of institutional developments that both increased the amount of knowledge and its accessibility to those who could make best use of it....
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作者：United States Department of the Interior
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作者：Haverford College
