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作者:Centro de Investigacion y Docencia Economicas A.C. (CIDE)
摘要:The success of fiscal centralization and military buildup in colonial Mexico contrasts with failed similar attempts elsewhere. Why did powerful elites comply with fiscal-military reforms in eighteenth-century Mexico? I argue that the Seven Years' War provided incentives for the Crown to centralize and elites to comply by accentuating the free rider problems inherent in the provision of military defense under fiscal fragmentation. Fiscal data and history document that reforms were more successf...
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作者:University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore County
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作者:Carnegie Mellon University
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作者:University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University of Iowa
摘要:We analyze all slave manifests housed at the National Archives-some 24,400 documents involving approximately 135,000 slaves who were transported in the coastwise trade from 1810 to 1861. The manifests list the name of the owner or shipper, which allows us to match names with traders found in other sources. We also utilize demographic characteristics of the manifests to estimate the probability that a trader organized the shipment. Commercial transactions increased over the antebellum period, a...
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作者:Santa Clara University
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作者:University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
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作者:University of California System; University of California Merced
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作者:Queens University Belfast
摘要:This article examines the role of creditor protection in the development of the U.K. corporate bond market. This market grew rapidly in the late nineteenth century, but in the twentieth century it experienced a reversal, albeit with a short-lived post-1945 renaissance. Such was the extent of the reversal that the market from the 1970s onwards was smaller than it had been in 1870. We find that law does not explain the variation in the size of this market over time. Alternatively, our evidence s...
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作者:University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara
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作者:United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; United States Naval Academy