Volcanic crisis reveals coupled magma system at Santorini and Kolumbo

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Isken, Marius P.; Karstens, Jens; Nomikou, Paraskevi; Parks, Michelle Maree; Drouin, Vincent; Rivalta, Eleonora; Crutchley, Gareth J.; Haghighi, Mahmud Haghshenas; Hooft, Emilie E. E.; Cesca, Simone; Walter, Thomas R.; Hainzl, Sebastian; Saul, Joachim; Anastasiou, Dimitris; Raptakis, Kostas; Shapiro, Nikolai M.; Munchmeyer, Jannes; Higueret, Quentin; Soubestre, Jean; Brenguier, Florent; Hufstetler, Rebeckah S.; Autumn, Kaisa R.; Tsakiri, Maria; Lange, Dietrich; Kopp, Heidrun; Urlaub, Morelia; Blanch Jover, Maria; Preine, Jonas; Hubscher, Christian; Motagh, Mahdi; Muller, Daniel; Dahm, Torsten; Berndt, Christian
• 署名单位: Helmholtz Association; GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences; Helmholtz Association; GEOMAR Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research Kiel; National & Kapodistrian University of Athens; University of Bologna; Leibniz University Hannover; University of Oregon; University of Potsdam; National Technical University of Athens; Universite Gustave-Eiffel; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Savoie Mont Blanc; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; Universite Grenoble Alpes (UGA); University of Kiel; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution; University of Hamburg
• 刊物名称: NATURE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0028-0836; 1476-4687
• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-09525-7
• 发表日期: 2025-09-25
• 关键词: SURFACE DEFORMATION; SUBMARINE VOLCANO; DIKE INTRUSION; earthquake; constraints; BARDARBUNGA; inversion; emphasis; DYNAMICS; eruption

摘要

Volcanic crises, driven by renewed magma inflow and migration, result in surface deformation and seismicity that can provide unique insights into the structure of volcanic systems and magmatic processes. Although the highly explosive volcanoes of Santorini and Kolumbo1,2 in the Greek Aegean Sea are just 7 km apart, their potentially coupled deep magmatic feeding systems are only poorly understood3,4. The 2025 volcano-tectonic crisis of Santorini simultaneously affected both volcanic centres, providing insights into a complex, multistorage feeder system. Here we integrate onshore and marine seismological data with geodetic measurements to reconstruct magma migration before and during the crisis. Gradual inflation in the Santorini caldera, beginning in mid-2024, preceded the January 2025 intrusion of a magma-filled dike sourced from a mid-crustal reservoir beneath Kolumbo, indicating a link between the two volcanoes. Joint inversion of ground and satellite-based deformation data indicates that approximately 0.31 km3 of magma intruded as an approximately 13-km-long dike, reactivating principal regional faults and arresting 3-5 km below the seafloor. The 2024-2025 resurgence of magmatic activity beneath both volcanic centres and their apparent coupling provides insights into the dynamic interplay of magma storage, transport and reservoir failure beneath neighbouring volcanoes.