A ductile chromium-molybdenum alloy resistant to high-temperature oxidation

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Hinrichs, Frauke; Winkens, Georg; Kramer, Lena Katharina; Falcao, Gabriely; Hahn, Ewa M.; Schliephake, Daniel; Eusterholz, Michael Konrad; Sen, Sandipan; Galetz, Mathias Christian; Inui, Haruyuki; Kauffmann, Alexander; Heilmaier, Martin
• 署名单位: Helmholtz Association; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Helmholtz Association; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Kyoto University; Kyoto University; Ruhr University Bochum
• 刊物名称: NATURE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0028-0836; 1476-4687
• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-09516-8
• 发表日期: 2025-10-09
• 关键词: mechanical-properties; plastic-deformation; NIOBIUM; dislocation; CONSTITUTION; fracture; VANADIUM; silicon; strain

摘要

Even with the rapid development of renewable energy sources, improving the efficiency of energy conversion from fossil or synthetic fuels remains a challenge because, for example, combustion engines in long-range aircraft will still be needed in the upcoming decades1. Increasing their operating temperatures (1,050-1,150 degrees C (refs. 2, 3-4)) is one option. This requires replacing single-crystalline Ni-based superalloys in the hottest sections of turbines by refractory-element-based materials, which exhibit much higher solidus temperatures beyond 2,000 degrees C (refs. 5, 6-7). Here we introduce a single-phase Cr-36.1Mo-3Si (at.%) alloy that meets, for the first time, to our knowledge, the most important critical requirements for refractory-element-based materials: (1) relevant resistance against pesting, nitridation and scale spallation at elevated temperatures, minimum up to 1,100 degrees C, and (2) sufficient compression ductility at room temperature. Although strength and creep resistance in such alloys were already superior to Ni-based superalloys in several cases, oxidation/corrosion resistance, mandatory to withstand the combustion atmosphere, and ductility/toughness, needed for damage tolerance and device setting, still pose barriers for the development or application of refractory-element-based candidate materials. Any previous successful attempts to address the otherwise catastrophic oxidation of Mo and nitridation of Cr during oxidation suffered from a loss in ductility at ambient temperatures.