Growth changes in bodily size and proportions during the first three years: A developmental study of sixty-one children by repeated measurements.
成果类型：
Article
署名作者：
Bayley, N; Davis, FC
刊物名称：
BIOMETRIKA
ISSN/ISSBN：
0006-3444
DOI：
10.2307/2332039
发表日期：
1935
页码：
2687
关键词：
摘要：
The most reliable of the measurements taken are length, weight, and stem length. The group was typical of other groups reported in the literature, except that after 6 mos. its members averaged taller and heavier than children in other parts of the U. S. A., except for selected groups. Growth in all dimensions was retarded, rapidly at first, and then more slowly. In proportion to their size at 1 mo., the width measures of hip, chest and shoulder increased more rapidly during the 1st yr. than any other measure except wt. After 1 yr., the greatest proportionate growth was in length. Chest depth increased even less than did head circumference. In variability there were no significant changes with growth, or between the sexes. The boys were consistently a little larger for all measures than the girls. Correlations between measures at 1 and 36 mos. were greatest for head circumference, length and stem length. Wt. and width measures show only slight consistency before the 12th mo., but except for 2 unreliable measures (chest width and depth) are fairly consistent after this age. Hip width and wt. are most closely correlated. Length and stem length are also highly correlated. Other measures of body width correlate fairly highly with wt. The width-length comparisons show less relationship. The smallest correlations (+ .53 ) are between shoulder width and stem length. The correlations between wt. and length, hip width and length, hip width and stem length[long dash]and less clearly between hip width and shoulder width[long dash]decrease during the first 6 mos. These decreased correlations appear to occur more often at ages when the measures involved are growing rapidly. Most indices of body proportions show proportionately increasing width during some part of the 1st yr. It is concluded that Weight/(Length)2 is the most valid measure of relative chubbiness. This increases rapidly during the first 11 mos. and decreases slowly thereafter. Neither Weight/(Length),2 Hip Width/Length, nor Stem Length/Length indicated consistency of build during the 1st yr., though the first 2 indices show increasing consistency after this age. One cannot predict from indices at, an early age what an individual''s body build will be later. No significant sex differences in rates of growth were found. The boys were slightly but consistently heavier for their length than the girls.