E-values as unnormalized weights in multiple testing

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Ignatiadis, Nikolaos; Wang, Ruodu; Ramdas, Aaditya
• 署名单位: University of Chicago; University of Chicago; University of Waterloo; Carnegie Mellon University
• 刊物名称: BIOMETRIKA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0006-3444
• DOI: 10.1093/biomet/asad057
• 发表日期: 2024
• 页码: 417439
• 关键词: false discovery rate; increases detection power; BONFERRONI PROCEDURE; time-uniform; benjamini

摘要

We study how to combine p-values and e-values, and design multiple testing procedures where both p-values and e-values are available for every hypothesis. Our results provide a new perspective on multiple testing with data-driven weights: while standard weighted multiple testing methods require the weights to deterministically add up to the number of hypotheses being tested, we show that this normalization is not required when the weights are e-values that are independent of the p-values. Such e-values can be obtained in meta-analysis where a primary dataset is used to compute p-values, and an independent secondary dataset is used to compute e-values. Going beyond meta-analysis, we showcase settings wherein independent e-values and p-values can be constructed on a single dataset itself. Our procedures can result in a substantial increase in power, especially if the nonnull hypotheses have e-values much larger than one.