TENSOR REGRESSION FOR INCOMPLETE OBSERVATIONS WITH APPLICATION TO LONGITUDINAL STUDIES

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Xu, Tianchen; Chen, Kun; Li, Gen
• 署名单位: Bristol-Myers Squibb; University of Connecticut; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
• 刊物名称: ANNALS OF APPLIED STATISTICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 1932-6157
• DOI: 10.1214/23-AOAS1830
• 发表日期: 2024
• 页码: 1195-1212
• 关键词: principal-components-analysis; gut microbiome; Covariance matrices; algorithm; optimization; product

摘要

Multivariate longitudinal data are frequently encountered in practice such as in our motivating longitudinal microbiome study. It is of general interest to associate such high -dimensional, longitudinal measures with some univariate continuous outcome. However, incomplete observations are common in a regular study design, as not all samples are measured at every time point, giving rise to the so-called blockwise missing values. Such missing structure imposes significant challenges for association analysis and defies many existing methods that require complete samples. In this paper we propose to represent multivariate longitudinal data as a three-way tensor array (i.e., sample -by -feature -by -time) and exploit a parsimonious scalar -ontensor regression model for association analysis. We develop a regularized covariance -based estimation procedure that effectively leverages all available observations without imputation. The method achieves variable selection and smooth estimation of time -varying effects. The application to the motivating microbiome study reveals interesting links between the preterm infant's gut microbiome dynamics and their neurodevelopment. Additional numerical studies on synthetic data and a longitudinal aging study further demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method.