When blame avoidance backfires: Responses to performance framing and outgroup scapegoating during the COVID-19 pandemic

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Porumbescu, Gregory; Moynihan, Donald; Anastasopoulos, Jason; Olsen, Asmus Leth
• 署名单位: Rutgers University System; Rutgers University Newark; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Yonsei University; Georgetown University; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; University of Copenhagen
• 刊物名称: GOVERNANCE-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLICY ADMINISTRATION AND INSTITUTIONS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0952-1895
• DOI: 10.1111/gove.12701
• 发表日期: 2023
• 关键词: attributions; POLITICS; RACE

摘要

Public officials use blame avoidance strategies when communicating performance information. While such strategies typically involve shifting blame to political opponents or other governments, we examine how they might direct blame to ethnic groups. We focus on the COVID-19 pandemic, where the Trump administration sought to shift blame by scapegoating (using the term Chinese virus) and mitigate blame by positively framing performance information on COVID-19 testing. Using a novel experimental design that leverages machine learning techniques, we find scapegoating outgroups backfired, leading to greater blame of political leadership for the poor administrative response, especially among conservatives. Backlash was strongest for negatively framed performance data, demonstrating that performance framing shapes blame avoidance outcomes. We discuss how divisive blame avoidance strategies may alienate even supporters.