Emission Taxes and Capital Investments: The Role of Tax Incidence

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Jacob, Martin; Zerwer, Kira Lena
• 署名单位: University of Navarra; IESE Business School; WHU - Otto Beisheim School of Management
• 刊物名称: ACCOUNTING REVIEW
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0001-4826
• DOI: 10.2308/TAR-2023-0053
• 发表日期: 2023
• 页码: 247-278
• 关键词: Financial constraints; Carbon tax; corporate; INFORMATION; taxation; RISK

摘要

This paper examines investment responses to emission taxes and the role of tax incidence in passing on tax burdens. Using private firms from Spain and the introduction of an emission tax in 2013 in the Autonomous Community Valenciana, we show that investments decline in response to the emission tax. Importantly, this investment decline does not depend on the level of pollution but on economic factors related to tax incidence. Investments in firms operating in highly competitive markets, firms with low pricing power, and firms with low financial flexibility are the most affected by environmental taxes. We generalize the investment findings using the introduction of carbon taxes in France and Ireland in a stacked difference-in-differences design. Overall, our results indicate that emission taxes affect not only polluters but also other firms and stakeholders such as suppliers, customers, and consumers depending on the relative elasticities of supply and demand.