Heterogeneity in expertise in a credence goods setting: evidence from audit partners

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Aobdia, Daniel; Siddiqui, Saad; Vinelli, Andres
• 署名单位: Northwestern University; Georgetown University
• 刊物名称: REVIEW OF ACCOUNTING STUDIES
• ISSN/ISSBN: 1380-6653
• DOI: 10.1007/s11142-020-09569-2
• 发表日期: 2021
• 页码: 693-729
• 关键词: industry expertise; Agency problems; office-level; MARKET; QUALITY; INFORMATION; services; size; specialization; CONSEQUENCES

摘要

We examine the heterogeneity of experts in a credence goods setting. In our analytical model, clients are uncertain about how much effort experts need to provide to solve their problem, which is either simple or difficult. Experts have varying degrees of expertise. Less qualified experts are equally effective at solving simple problems but less effective at solving difficult ones. We show that clients pay a fee premium to more qualified experts, even for simple problems. This premium increases with the probability that the client has a difficult problem. We empirically test the model predictions in the context of partner industry expertise for the U.S. operations of the Big Four audit firms. We find, consistent with the model, a positive association between partner industry specialization and audit fees, even for simple audits, and a negative association between partner specialization and the client's probability of restatements only for difficult audits. The industry specialization premium is higher in industries with higher proportions of difficult audits. Consistent with credence good agency issues, the specialization premium for simple audits is mitigated when information asymmetry between client and auditor is lower.