A Breath of Fresh Air? Firm Type, Scale, Scope, and Selection Effects in Drug Development

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Arora, Ashish; Gambardella, Alfonso; Magazzini, Laura; Pammolli, Fabio
• 署名单位: Duke University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Bocconi University; Bocconi University; University of Verona; IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca
• 刊物名称: MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0025-1909
• DOI: 10.1287/mnsc.1090.1055
• 发表日期: 2009
• 页码: 1638-1653
• 关键词: firm capabilities; drug development process; market for technology

摘要

This paper compares the innovation performance of established pharmaceutical firms and biotech companies, controlling for differences in the scale and scope of research. We develop a structural model to analyze more than 3,000 drug research and development projects advanced to preclinical and clinical trials in the United States between 1980 and 1994. Key to our approach is careful attention to the issue of selection. Firms choose which compounds to advance into clinical trials. This choice depends not only on the technical promise of the compound, but also on commercial considerations such as the expected profitability of the market or concerns about product cannibalization. After controlling for selection, we find that (a) even after controlling for scale and scope in research, established pharmaceutical firms are more innovative than newly entered biotech firms; (b) older biotech firms display selection behaviors and innovation performances similar to established pharmaceutical firms; and (c) compounds licensed during preclinical trials are as likely to succeed as internal compounds of the licensor, which is inconsistent with the lemons hypothesis in technology markets.