Exploring Trade-offs in the Organization of Scientific Work: Collaboration and Scientific Reward

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Bikard, Michael; Murray, Fiona; Gans, Joshua S.
• 署名单位: University of London; London Business School; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Toronto
• 刊物名称: MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0025-1909
• DOI: 10.1287/mnsc.2014.2052
• 发表日期: 2015
• 页码: 1473-1495
• 关键词: science; collaboration; academic science; PRODUCTIVITY; scientific credit

摘要

When do scientists and other innovators organize into collaborative teams, and why do they do so for some projects and not others? At the core of this important organizational choice is, we argue, a trade-off scientists make between the productive efficiency of collaboration and the credit allocation that arises after the completion of collaborative work. In this paper, we explore this trade-off by developing a model to structure our understanding of the factors shaping researcher collaborative choices, in particular the implicit allocation of credit among participants in scientific projects. We then use the annual research activity of 661 faculty scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology over a 31-year period to explore the trade-off between collaboration and reward at the individual faculty level and to infer critical parameters in the collaborative organization of scientific work.