Snapshot estimators of recent HIV incidence rates
成果类型：
Article
署名作者：
Kaplan, EH; Brookmeyer, R
署名单位：
Yale University; Johns Hopkins University
刊物名称：
OPERATIONS RESEARCH
ISSN/ISSBN：
0030-364X
DOI：
10.1287/opre.47.1.29
发表日期：
1999
页码：
29-37
关键词：
摘要：
The recent HIV incidence rate (or hazard rate for infection) is an important quantity for use in monitoring the HIV/AIDS epidemic, evaluating HIV prevention programs, and allocating HIV prevention resources. Direct measurement of HIV incidence is difficult and time consuming, while estimating HIV incidence via backcalculation (deconvolution) using AIDS incidence data. and the (presumed known) HIV incubation time distribution yields little information about recent infection. We propose a method for estimating recent HIV incidence in a population via a single sample at a single point in time. The method relies on understanding the progression of certain markers such as CD4 counts following infection. The actual formulas derived for the point and interval estimates of HIV incidence are simple and easy to use while the sample sizes needed to implement our approach are reasonable. We present two applications of our approach, comparing our results to those obtained from more conventional methods where possible.