A Stochastic Multiple-Leader Stackelberg Model: Analysis, Computation, and Application
成果类型：
Article
署名作者：
DeMiguel, Victor; Xu, Huifu
署名单位：
University of London; London Business School; University of Southampton
刊物名称：
OPERATIONS RESEARCH
ISSN/ISSBN：
0030-364X
DOI：
10.1287/opre.1080.0686
发表日期：
2009
页码：
1220-1235
关键词：
摘要：
We study an oligopoly consisting of M leaders and N followers that supply a homogeneous product ( or service) noncooperatively. Leaders choose their supply levels first, knowing the demand function only in distribution. Followers make their decisions after observing the leader supply levels and the realized demand function. We term the resulting equilibrium a stochastic multiple-leader Stackelberg-Nash-Cournot (SMS) equilibrium. We show the existence and uniqueness of SMS equilibrium under mild assumptions. We also propose a computational approach to find the equilibrium based on the sample average approximation method and analyze its rate of convergence. Finally, we apply this framework to model competition in the telecommunication industry.