Eliminating a framing bias by using simple instructions to 'think harder' and respondents with managerial experience: Comment on 'breaking the frame'

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Wright, G; Goodwin, P
• 署名单位: University of Strathclyde; University of Bath
• 刊物名称: STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT JOURNAL
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0143-2095
• DOI: 10.1002/smj.265
• 发表日期: 2002
• 页码: 1059-1067
• 关键词: Framing; cognition; heuristics and biases; risk taking; risk aversion

摘要

This paper shows that, in terms of experimental design and ecological validity, the recent study by Hodgkinson et al. (1999) does not 'indicate that the framing bias is likely to be an important factor in strategic decision making.' Nor does it suggest that 'cognitive mapping provides an effective means of limiting the damage accruing from this bias.' We show that the framing bias demonstrated by Hodgkinson et al. can be removed by a simpler 'think-harder' manipulation with undergraduate respondents and, further, show that the bias is not present in the decisions of experienced respondents. We also demonstrate that, for experienced respondents, factors such as avoidance of risk and the creation of new strategies also characterize strategic decision making. Such components were not captured by Hodgkinson et al.'s experimental tasks. Copyright (C) 2002 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.