Modeling a Paradigm Shift: From Producer Innovation to User and Open Collaborative Innovation

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Baldwin, Carliss; von Hippel, Eric
• 署名单位: Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
• 刊物名称: ORGANIZATION SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 1047-7039
• DOI: 10.1287/orsc.1100.0618
• 发表日期: 2011
• 页码: 1399-1417
• 关键词: user innovation; modularity; open innovation; COLLABORATIVE INNOVATION

摘要

In this paper, we assess the economic viability of innovation by producers relative to two increasingly important alternative models: innovations by single-user individuals or firms and open collaborative innovation. We analyze the design costs and architectures and communication costs associated with each model. We conclude that both innovation by individual users and open collaborative innovation increasingly compete with and may displace producer innovation in many parts of the economy. We explain why this represents a paradigm shift with respect to innovation research, policy making, and practice. We discuss important implications and offer suggestions for further research.