Cultural distance revisited: Towards a more rigorous conceptualization and measurement of cultural differences
成果类型：
Review
署名作者：
Shenkar, O
署名单位：
University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
刊物名称：
JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS STUDIES
ISSN/ISSBN：
0047-2506
DOI：
10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490982
发表日期：
2001
页码：
519-535
关键词：
摘要：
Cultural distance is a widely used construct in international business, where it has been applied to foreign investment expansion, entry mode choice, and the performance of foreign invested affiliates, among others. The present paper presents a critical review of the cultural distance construct, outlining its hidden assumptions and challenging its theoretical and methodological properties. A comprehensive framework for the treatment of the construct is developed and concrete steps aimed at enhancing rigor are delineated.