Is the gap more than gender? A longitudinal analysis of gender, gender role orientation, and earnings

• 成果类型: Review
• 署名作者: Judge, Timothy A.; Livingston, Beth A.
• 署名单位: State University System of Florida; University of Florida
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0021-9010
• DOI: 10.1037/0021-9010.93.5.994
• 发表日期: 2008
• 页码: 994-1012
• 关键词: gender; gender role orientation; earnings; time; pay

摘要

This study investigated the relationships among gender, gender role orientation (i.e., attitudes toward the gendered separation of roles at work and at home), and earnings. A multilevel model was conceptualized E, in which gender role orientation and earnings were within-individual variables that fluctuate over time (although predictors of between-individual differences in gender role orientation were also considered). Results indicated that whereas traditional gender role orientation was positively related to earnings, gender significantly predicted the slope of this relationship: Traditional gender role orientation was strongly positively associated with earnings for men; it was slightly negatively associated with earnings for women. Occupational segregation partly explained these gender differences. Overall, the results suggest that although gender role attitudes are becoming less traditional for men and for women. traditional gender role orientation continues to exacerbate the gender wage gap.