Pygmalion Effects Among Outreach Supervisors and Tutors: Extending Sex Generalizability

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Natanovich, Gloria; Eden, Dov
• 署名单位: Tel Aviv University
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0021-9010
• DOI: 10.1037/a0012566
• 发表日期: 2008
• 页码: 1382-1389
• 关键词: Pygmalion effect; SELF-FULFILLING PROPHECY; sex differences; expectancy effects

摘要

Students who supervised other students who tutored grade-school pupils in a university-based outreach program were randomly assigned to Pygmalion and control conditions. Experimental supervisors were told that their tutors were ideally qualified for their tutoring role: control supervisors were told nothing about their tutors' qualifications. A manipulation check revealed that the experimental supervisors expected more of their tutors. Analysis of variance of tutorial success measures confirmed the Pygmalion effect among supervisors of both sexes. No main effect or interaction involving either super-visor sex or tutor sex was significant. As predicted, the experimental supervisors also provided better leadership and the experimental tutors increased their self-efficacy. This was the first demonstration of the Pygmalion effect among women leading men. Pygmalion effects may be produced without regard for sex.