Goal Orientations and Performance: Differential Relationships Across Levels of Analysis and as a Function of Task Demands

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Yeo, Gillian; Loft, Shayne; Xiao, Tania; Kiewitz, Christian
• 署名单位: University of Western Australia; University of Western Australia; University of Queensland; University System of Ohio; University of Dayton
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0021-9010
• DOI: 10.1037/a0015044
• 发表日期: 2009
• 页码: 710-726
• 关键词: GOAL ORIENTATION; performance; intraindividual and interindividual levels of analysis; TASK COMPLEXITY; task practice

摘要

Goal orientation and self-regulation theories were integrated to develop a multilevel framework aimed at addressing controversies regarding the magnitude and direction of goal orientation effects on performance. In Study 1. goal orientations were measured repeatedly whilst individuals performed in air traffic control task. In study 2, goal orientations and exam performance were measured across 3 time points while undergraduates completed a course. Mastery-approach orientation was positively related to performance at the intraindividual level. but not at the interindividual level, and its effect was not moderated by task demands. Performance-approach positively predicted performance at the interindividual level, and at the intraindividual level. the direction of its effect switched as a function of task demands. Performance-avoid negatively predicted performance at the interindividual level but did not emerge as an intraindividual predictor. Mastery-avoid did not relate to performance at either level of analysis. This consistent pattern across 2 studies Suggests that levels of analysis and task demands can determine the magnitude and direction of goal orientation effects on performance and highlights avenues for theory development.