Taking a stand while abroad? Towards a theory of MNCs' sociopolitical activism in host countries

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Minefee, Ishva; Yue, Lori Qingyuan
• 署名单位: University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Columbia University
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS STUDIES
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0047-2506
• DOI: 10.1057/s41267-024-00761-z
• 发表日期: 2025
• 页码: 510-529
• 关键词: Sociopolitical activism; ORGANIZATIONAL VALUES; INSTITUTIONAL COMPLEXITY; (In)consistency; International nonmarket strategy

摘要

With multinational corporations (MNCs) increasingly taking public stances on sociopolitical issues such as immigration, LGBTQ+ rights, and racism, it is imperative that international business (IB) research keeps pace with normative societal debates. In this paper, we introduce the concept of corporate sociopolitical activism (SPA) to the IB literature and develop a theory on why MNCs consistently or inconsistently engage in SPA in response to the same issue in their home country and a host country. We theorize that institutional complexity at three levels of analysis - within a host country, between home and host countries, and beyond the home and host countries - shapes MNCs' decisions. This paper contributes to the IB literature by situating SPA as a new area within international nonmarket strategy research. In addition, we extend IB research on institutional complexity by theorizing how heterogeneity within a host country influences MNCs' behaviors. We also expand the focus of the literature on corporate SPA from domestic firms to MNCs. Overall, this paper represents a call to action for IB researchers to examine MNCs' responses to sociopolitical issues in an increasingly polarized world. Les entreprises multinationales (Multinational Corporations - MNCs) prenant de plus en plus souvent position publiquement sur des questions sociopolitiques telles que l'immigration, les droits des LGBTQ+ et le racisme, il est imp & eacute;ratif que la recherche en affaires internationales (International Business - IB) suive le rythme des d & eacute;bats soci & eacute;taux normatifs. Dans cet article, nous introduisons le concept d'activisme sociopolitique des entreprises (Corporate Sociopolitical Activism - SPA) dans la litt & eacute;rature de l'IB, et d & eacute;veloppons une th & eacute;orie sur les raisons pour lesquelles les MNCs s'engagent de mani & egrave;re coh & eacute;rente ou non dans le SPA en r & eacute;ponse & agrave; la m & ecirc;me question dans leur pays d'origine et dans un pays d'accueil. Nous th & eacute;orisons que la complexit & eacute; institutionnelle & agrave; trois niveaux d'analyse - & agrave; l'int & eacute;rieur d'un pays d'accueil, entre le pays d'origine et le pays d'accueil, et au-del & agrave; du pays d'origine et du pays d'accueil - fa & ccedil;onne les d & eacute;cisions des MNCs. Cet article contribue & agrave; la litt & eacute;rature de l'IB en situant le SPA comme un nouveau domaine dans la recherche en strat & eacute;gies internationales non marchandes. En outre, nous & eacute;tendons la recherche en IB port & eacute;e sur la complexit & eacute; institutionnelle en th & eacute;orisant la mani & egrave;re dont l'h & eacute;t & eacute;rog & eacute;n & eacute;it & eacute; au sein d'un pays d'accueil influence les comportements des MNCs. Nous & eacute;largissons & eacute;galement le champ d'investigation de la litt & eacute;rature du SPA en passant des entreprises domestiques aux MNCs. Dans l'ensemble, cet article constitue un appel & agrave; l'action pour les chercheurs en IB, qui doivent examiner les r & eacute;ponses des MNCs aux questions sociopolitiques dans un monde de plus en plus polaris & eacute;. Con las empresas multinacionales (MNCs por sus iniciales en ingl & eacute;s) tomando cada vez m & aacute;s posturas pol & iacute;ticas en asuntos sociopol & iacute;ticos como inmigraci & oacute;n, derechos LGBTQ+ y el racismo, es imperativo que la investigaci & oacute;n en Negocios Internacionales (IB por sus iniciales en ingl & eacute;s) siga el paso de los debates sociales normativos. En este art & iacute;culo, introducimos el concepto de activismo sociopol & iacute;tico corporativo (SPA por las iniciales en ingl & eacute;s) en la literatura de Negocios Internacionales y desarrollamos una teor & iacute;a sobre por qu & eacute; las empresas multinacionales se involucran de forma coherente o incoherente en el activismo sociopol & iacute;tico corporativo en respuesta a la misma cuesti & oacute;n en su pa & iacute;s de origen y en un pa & iacute;s anfitri & oacute;n. Teorizamos que la complejidad institucional en tres niveles de an & aacute;lisis -dentro de un pa & iacute;s anfitri & oacute;n, entre el pa & iacute;s de origen y el pa & iacute;s anfitri & oacute;n, y m & aacute;s all & aacute; del pa & iacute;s de origen y del pa & iacute;s anfitri & oacute;n- determina las decisiones de las empresas multinacionales. Este art & iacute;culo contribuye a la literatura de Negocios Internacionales situando el activismo sociopol & iacute;tico corporativo como una nueva & aacute;rea dentro de la investigaci & oacute;n sobre estrategia internacional no de mercado. Adem & aacute;s, ampliamos la investigaci & oacute;n de Negocios Internacionales sobre la complejidad institucional al teorizar c & oacute;mo la heterogeneidad dentro de un pa & iacute;s anfitri & oacute;n influye en los comportamientos de las empresas multinacionales. Tambi & eacute;n ampliamos el foco de atenci & oacute;n de la bibliograf & iacute;a sobre el activismo sociopol & iacute;tico corporativo de las empresas nacionales a las multinacionales. En general, este art & iacute;culo constituye un llamamiento a la acci & oacute;n para que los investigadores de Negocios Internacionales examinen las respuestas de las empresas multinacionales a las cuestiones sociopol & iacute;ticas en un mundo cada vez m & aacute;s polarizado. Com corpora & ccedil;& otilde;es multinacionais (MNCs) cada vez mais assumindo posi & ccedil;& otilde;es p & uacute;blicas sobre quest & otilde;es sociopol & iacute;ticas, como imigra & ccedil;& atilde;o, direitos LGBTQ+ e racismo, & eacute; imperativo que a pesquisa em Neg & oacute;cios Internacionais (IB) acompanhe debates sociais normativos. Neste artigo, introduzimos o conceito de ativismo sociopol & iacute;tico corporativo (SPA) na literatura de IB e desenvolvemos teoria sobre porque MNCs se envolvem de forma consistente ou inconsistente em SPA em resposta ao mesmo problema em seu pa & iacute;s de origem e no pa & iacute;s anfitri & atilde;o. Teorizamos que a complexidade institucional em tr & ecirc;s n & iacute;veis de an & aacute;lise - dentro de um pa & iacute;s de acolhimento, entre pa & iacute;ses de origem e de acolhimento e al & eacute;m dos pa & iacute;ses de origem e de acolhimento - molda decis & otilde;es de MNCs. Este artigo contribui para a literatura em IB ao situar SPA como uma nova & aacute;rea dentro da pesquisa de estrat & eacute;gia internacional n & atilde;o mercadol & oacute;gica. Al & eacute;m disso, estendemos a pesquisa em IB sobre complexidade institucional, teorizando como a heterogeneidade dentro de um pa & iacute;s de acolhimento influencia o comportamento de MNCs. Tamb & eacute;m expandimos o foco da literatura sobre SPA corporativo de empresas dom & eacute;sticas para MNCs. No geral, este artigo representa um convite & agrave; a & ccedil;& atilde;o para que pesquisadores em IB examinem respostas de MNCs a quest & otilde;es sociopol & iacute;ticas em um mundo cada vez mais polarizado. (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (MNC) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic),LGBTQ+(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (IB) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (SPA) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(IB) (sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)MNC(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) SPA (sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic),(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)MNC(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) SPA (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic) IB (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)MNC(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)IB(sic)(sic).(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) SPA (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)MNC.(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)IB(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)MNC(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic).