Toxic Work Climates: An Integrative Review and Development of a New Construct and Theoretical Framework

• 成果类型: Review
• 署名作者: Priesemuth, Manuela; Schminke, Marshall
• 署名单位: Villanova University; State University System of Florida; University of Central Florida
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0021-9010
• DOI: 10.1037/apl0001188
• 发表日期: 2024
• 页码: 1355-1376
• 关键词: toxic work climates; toxic work environments; toxic culture; hostile climates; work climates

摘要

Research and the media demonstrate the profound impact hostile work environments have on organizations and their members. Often, the term toxic work climate is used to describe patterns of aggressive behaviors that harm individuals and manifest in the broader workplace. However, despite these common references, scholars still know relatively little about what a toxic work climate actually entails, the processes by which they emerge, and their influence on organizational outcomes. The research domain is complex. Within the organizational literature alone, toxic work climates have been described as those that harbor abusive bosses, aggressive employees, and those that show signs of bullying or incivility. Our aim in this integrative conceptual review is to add precision and focus to this multidisciplinary and fragmented literature. Grounding our efforts in multilevel theories, we first introduce an overarching definition of the toxic work climate construct and review research on existing hostile climate types that can appropriately be consolidated under this new heading. We then develop a new theoretical model that outlines the dominant causes and mechanisms by which toxic work climates form, and the main pathways by which they influence employees, teams, and organizations. Finally, we provide a unified path forward for advancing theory, research, and practice, including advice on how toxic climates might be combated in years to come.