Racial Diversity and Racial Policy Preferences: The Great Migration and Civil Rights

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Calderon, Alvaro; Fouka, Vasiliki; Tabellini, Marco
• 署名单位: Stanford University; Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Harvard University; IZA Institute Labor Economics
• 刊物名称: REVIEW OF ECONOMIC STUDIES
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0034-6527
• DOI: 10.1093/restud/rdac026
• 发表日期: 2023
• 页码: 165-200
• 关键词: womens suffrage; US; south; responsiveness; polarization; instruments; COMPETITION; IDENTITY; unions; GROWTH

摘要

Between 1940 and 1970, more than 4 million African Americans moved from the South to the North of the US, during the Second Great Migration. This same period witnessed the struggle and eventual success of the civil rights movement in ending institutionalized racial discrimination. This article shows that the Great Migration and support for civil rights are causally linked. Predicting Black inflows with a shift-share instrument, we find that the Great Migration raised support for the Democratic Party, increased Congress members' propensity to promote civil rights legislation, and encouraged pro-civil rights activism outside the US South. We provide different pieces of evidence that support for civil rights was not confined to the Black electorate but was also shared by segments of the white population.