Structural Change, Elite Capitalism, and the Emergence of Labour Emancipation

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Ashraf, Quamrul H.; Cinnirella, Francesco; Galor, Oded; Gershman, Boris; Hornung, Erik
• 署名单位: Williams College; University of Bergamo; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Brown University; National Bureau of Economic Research; American University; University of Cologne
• 刊物名称: REVIEW OF ECONOMIC STUDIES
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0034-6527
• DOI: 10.1093/restud/rdae043
• 发表日期: 2024
• 页码: 808-836
• 关键词: economic-development; slavery; institutions; DEMOCRACY; landownership; INEQUALITY; serfdom; GROWTH; extend; MARKET

摘要

This study argues that the decline of coercive labour institutions over the course of industrialization was partly driven by complementarity between physical capital and effective labour in manufacturing. Given the difficulty of extracting labour effort in care-intensive industrial tasks through monitoring and punishment, capital-owning elites ultimately chose to emancipate workers to induce their supply of effective labour and, thus, boost the return to physical capital. This hypothesis is empirically examined in the context of serf emancipation in nineteenth-century Prussia. Exploiting variation in proto-industrialization across Prussian counties, the analysis finds that, consistent with the proposed hypothesis, the initial abundance of elite-owned physical capital is associated with a higher pace of serf emancipation and lower redemption payments to manorial lords.