Do Family Policies Reduce Gender Inequality? Evidence from 60 Years of Policy Experimentations

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Kleven, Henrik; Landais, Camille; Posch, Johanna; Steinhauer, Andreas; Zweimueller, Josef
• 署名单位: National Bureau of Economic Research; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Princeton University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Analysis Group Inc.; University of Edinburgh; University of Zurich
• 刊物名称: AMERICAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL-ECONOMIC POLICY
• ISSN/ISSBN: 1945-7731
• DOI: 10.1257/pol.20210346
• 发表日期: 2024
• 页码: 110-149
• 关键词: universal child-care; parental leave; economic consequences; LABOR; mothers; work; california; EVOLUTION; DYNAMICS; LESSONS

摘要

Do family policies reduce gender inequality in the labor market? We contribute to this debate by investigating the joint impact of parental leave and childcare, using administrative data covering Austrian workers over more than half a century. We start by quasi-experimentally identifying the causal effects of all family policy reforms since the 1950s on the full dynamics of male and female earnings. We then map these causal estimates into a decomposition framework to compute counterfactual gender inequality series. Our results show that the enormous expansions of parental leave and childcare have had J32)