Marginal College Wage Premiums Under Selection Into Employment*

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Westphal, Matthias; Kamhoefer, Daniel A.; Schmitz, Hendrik
• 署名单位: University of Paderborn; Leibniz Association; RWI - Leibniz Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung; University of Paderborn; Dortmund University of Technology; Leibniz Association; RWI - Leibniz Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung; Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Paderborn
• 刊物名称: ECONOMIC JOURNAL
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0013-0133
• DOI: 10.1093/ej/ueac021
• 发表日期: 2022
• 页码: 2231-2272
• 关键词: instrumental variables; sharp bounds; education; earnings; returns; gap; outcomes; identification; distributions; INDEPENDENCE

摘要

We identify female long-term wage returns to college education using the educational expansion between 1960-90 in West Germany as exogenous variation for college enrolment. We estimate marginal treatment effects and propose a simple partial identification technique accounting for women selecting into employment due to having a college education. College-educated women are, on average, more than 18 percentage points more likely to be employed due to having a college education than those without college education. Taking this into account, we bound wage returns to 5.7%-13.9% per year of education completed (average treatment effects on the treated).