The microeconomic determinants of emigration and return migration of the best and brightest: Evidence from the Pacific

• 成果类型: Article; Proceedings Paper
• 署名作者: Gibson, John; McKenzie, David
• 署名单位: The World Bank; University of Waikato
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0304-3878
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2009.11.002
• 发表日期: 2011
• 页码: 18-29
• 关键词: Brain drain; Brain gain; Highly skilled migration; return migration; selectivity

摘要

A unique survey which tracks worldwide the best and brightest academic performers from three Pacific countries is used to assess the extent of emigration and return migration among the very highly skilled, and to analyze, at the microeconomic level, the determinants of these migration choices. Although we estimate that the income gains from migration are very large, not everyone migrates and many return. Within this group of highly skilled individuals the emigration decision is found to be most strongly associated with preference variables such as risk aversion and patience, and choice of subjects in secondary school, and not strongly linked to either liquidity constraints or to the gain in income to be had from migrating. Likewise, the decision to return is strongly linked to family and lifestyle reasons, rather than to the income opportunities in different countries. Overall the data suggest a relatively limited role for income maximization in distinguishing migration propensities among the very highly skilled, and a need to pay more attention to other components of the utility maximization decision. (C) 2009 Elsevier By. All rights reserved.