Child mortality risk and fertility: Evidence from prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Wilson, Nicholas
• 署名单位: Reed College - Portland
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0304-3878
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2015.01.007
• 发表日期: 2015
• 页码: 74-88
• 关键词: Child mortality risk; Demographic transition; fertility; hiv/aids; PMTCT; Zambia

摘要

A fundamental question in development and growth is whether and how fast fertility responds to reductions in child mortality risk I use the expansion of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) in Zambia to provide some of the first quasi-experimental evidence on this question. My results suggest that the local introduction of PMTCT reduced pregnancy rates by approximately 10%, particularly among likely HIV positive women and women in locations where PIVITCT was available for a longer duration, and that PMTCT substantially increased breastfeeding rates. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.