Impacts of industrial and entrepreneurial jobs on youth: 5-year experimental evidence on factory job offers and cash grants in Ethiopia

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Blattman, Christopher; Dercon, Stefan; Franklin, Simon
• 署名单位: University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Oxford; University of Oxford; University of London; Queen Mary University London
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0304-3878
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2021.102807
• 发表日期: 2022
• 关键词: Entrepreneurship; Cash transfers; Wage labor; Factories; EMPLOYMENT; poverty; occupational choice; HEALTH; field experiment

摘要

We study two interventions for poor and underemployed Ethiopian youth: a $300 grant to spur self-employment, and a job offer to an industrial firm. Each one is designed to help overcome two common barriers to employment: financial market imperfections and matching frictions. We find significant impacts on occupational choice, income, and health in the first year. After five years, however, we see no evidence of long run effects of either intervention. The grant led short-run increases in self-employment, productivity and earnings, but these appear to dissipate over time as recipients exit their businesses. Worrisomely, offers of factory work had no effect on employment or earnings, but led to serious adverse effects on health after one year. Evidence of these effects is gone after five years as well, however. These results point to convergence in most outcomes, and suggest that one-time and one-dimensional interventions may struggle to overcome barriers to wage- or self-employment.