Do referrals improve the representation of women in mobile phone surveys?

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Glazerman, Steven; Grepin, Karen A.; Mueller, Valerie; Rosenbaum, Michael; Wu, Nicole
• 署名单位: Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA); University of Hong Kong; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0304-3878
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103077
• 发表日期: 2023
• 关键词: Gender representation; Mobile phone surveys; Referral; survey methods

摘要

Random digit dial surveys with mobile phones risk under-representation of women. To address this, we compare the characteristics of women recruited directly with those of women recruited through referrals from male household members. The referral process improves representation of vulnerable groups, such as young women, the asset poor, and those living in areas with low connectivity. Among mobile phone users, we show a referral (rather than a direct dial) protocol includes more nationally representative proportions of women with these attributes. While seeking intra-household referrals may improve representation, we show that it does so at a higher cost.