The mismeasure of weather: Using earth observation data for estimation of socioeconomic outcomes

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Josephson, Anna; Michler, Jeffrey D.; Kilic, Talip; Murray, Siobhan
• 署名单位: University of Arizona; The World Bank
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0304-3878
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2025.103553
• 发表日期: 2026
• 关键词: Remote sensing data; Socioeconomic data; measurement error; weather; Sub-Saharan Africa

摘要

The availability of weather data from remotely sensed earth observation (EO) products has reduced the cost to economists of including weather variables in econometric models. Weather variables are common instrumental variables used to predict socioeconomic outcomes and serve as an input into modeling crop productivity in rainfed agriculture. The use of EO data in econometric applications has only recently been met with a critical assessment of the suitability and quality of this data in economics. We document variability in estimates of agricultural productivity in six countries in Sub-Saharan Africa using nine different EO data products. By varying the source of the EO data we demonstrate the magnitude and significance of measurement error. We find that estimates are not robust to the choice of EO data and outcomes are not simply affine transformations of one another. This begs caution on the part of researchers using these data and suggests that robustness checks should include testing alternative sources of EO data.