Exporting, Wage Profiles, and Human Capital: Evidence from Brazil

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Ma, Xiao; Muendler, Marc-Andreas; Nakab, Alejandro
• 署名单位: Peking University; Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School (PKU Shenzhen); University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Bureau of Economic Research; Universidad Torcuato Di Tella
• 刊物名称: REVIEW OF ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0034-6535
• DOI: 10.1162/rest_a_01346
• 发表日期: 2025-09
• 页码: 1371-1387
• 关键词: Firm Dynamics; TRADE; INEQUALITY; job; search; PRODUCTIVITY; performance; INVESTMENT; experience; earnings

摘要

Export activity shapes workers' experience-wage profiles. Using employer-employee and customs data for Brazilian manufacturing, we document that workers' experience-wage profiles are steeper at exporters than at non-exporters and, among exporters, steeper at exporters shipping to high-income destinations. We develop and quantify a model featuring worker-firm wage bargaining, export-market entry by multi-worker firms, and human capital accumulation by workers to interpret the data. Human capital growth can explain one-half of the differences in wage profiles between exporters and non-exporters. We show that increased human capital per worker can account for one-half of the overall gains in real income from trade openness.