Dwarfism and gigantism drive human-mediated extinctions on islands

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Rozzi, Roberto; Lomolino, Mark, V; van der Geer, Alexandra A. E.; Silvestro, Daniele; Lyons, S. Kathleen; Bover, Pere; Alcover, Josep A.; Benitez-Lopez, Ana; Tsai, Cheng-Hsiu; Fujita, Masaki; Kubo, Mugino O.; Ochoa, Janine; Scarborough, Matthew E.; Turvey, Samuel T.; Zizka, Alexander; Chase, Jonathan M.
• 署名单位: German Research Foundation (DFG); German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv); Leibniz Institut fur Evolutions und Biodiversitatsforschung; State University of New York (SUNY) System; State University of New York (SUNY) College of Environmental Science & Forestry; Naturalis Biodiversity Center; University of Fribourg; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics; University of Gothenburg; University of Gothenburg; University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln; University of Zaragoza; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Estacion Biologica de Donana (EBD); University of Granada; National Taiwan University; National Taiwan University; National Museum of Nature and Science; University of Tokyo; University of the Philippines System; University of the Philippines Diliman; University of Cape Town; Zoological Society of London; Naturalis Biodiversity Center; Philipps University Marburg; Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg; Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-10481
• DOI: 10.1126/science.add8606
• 发表日期: 2023-03-10
• 页码: 1054-1058
• 关键词: body-size; biodiversity; mammals; biogeography; HISTORY; RISK

摘要

Islands have long been recognized as distinctive evolutionary arenas leading to morphologically divergent species, such as dwarfs and giants. We assessed how body size evolution in island mammals may have exacerbated their vulnerability, as well as how human arrival has contributed to their past and ongoing extinctions, by integrating data on 1231 extant and 350 extinct species from islands and paleo islands worldwide spanning the past 23 million years. We found that the likelihood of extinction and of endangerment are highest in the most extreme island dwarfs and giants. Extinction risk of insular mammals was compounded by the arrival of modern humans, which accelerated extinction rates more than 10-fold, resulting in an almost complete demise of these iconic marvels of island evolution.