Human adaptation to diverse biomes over the past 3 million years

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Zeller, Elke; Timmermann, Axel; Yun, Kyung-Sook; Raia, Pasquale; Stein, Karl; Ruan, Jiaoyang
• 署名单位: Institute for Basic Science - Korea (IBS); Pusan National University; Pusan National University
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-10064
• DOI: 10.1126/science.abq1288
• 发表日期: 2023-05-11
• 页码: 604-608
• 关键词: climate; pollen; record; neanderthals; EVOLUTION; niche; co2

摘要

To investigate the role of vegetation and ecosystem diversity on hominin adaptation and migration, we identify past human habitat preferences over time using a transient 3-million-year earth system-biome model simulation and an extensive hominin fossil and archaeological database. Our analysis shows that early African hominins predominantly lived in open environments such as grassland and dry shrubland. Migrating into Eurasia, hominins adapted to a broader range of biomes over time. By linking the location and age of hominin sites with corresponding simulated regional biomes, we also find that our ancestors actively selected for spatially diverse environments. The quantitative results lead to a new diversity hypothesis: Homo species, in particular Homo sapiens, were specially equipped to adapt to landscape mosaics.