Hunting for Majoranas

• 成果类型: Review
• 署名作者: Yazdani, Ali; von Oppen, Felix; Halperin, Bertrand I.; Yacoby, Amir
• 署名单位: Princeton University; Princeton University; Free University of Berlin; Harvard University
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-13524
• DOI: 10.1126/science.ade0850
• 发表日期: 2023-06-01
• 页码: 1235-+
• 关键词: non-abelian statistics; quantum hall states; zero modes; topological superconductivity; fermions; parafermions; absence; phases; anyons; charge

摘要

Over the past decade, there have been considerable efforts to observe non-abelian quasiparticles in novel quantum materials and devices. These efforts are motivated by the goals of demonstrating quantum statistics of quasiparticles beyond those of fermions and bosons and of establishing the underlying science for the creation of topologically protected quantum bits. In this Review, we focus on efforts to create topological superconducting phases that host Majorana zero modes. We consider the lessons learned from existing experimental efforts, which are motivating both improvements to present platforms and the exploration of new approaches. Although the experimental detection of non-abelian quasiparticles remains challenging, the knowledge gained thus far and the opportunities ahead offer high potential for discovery and advances in this exciting area of quantum physics.