Rapid ozone depletion after humidification of the stratosphere by the Hunga Tonga Eruption

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Evan, Stephanie; Brioude, Jerome; Rosenlof, Karen H.; Gao, Ru-Shan; Portmann, Robert W.; Zhu, Yunqian; Volkamer, Rainer; Lee, Christopher F.; Metzger, Jean-Marc; Lamy, Kevin; Walter, Paul; Alvarez, Sergio L.; Flynn, James H.; Asher, Elizabeth; Todt, Michael; Davis, Sean M.; Thornberry, Troy; Voemel, Holger; Wienhold, Frank G.; Stauffer, Ryan M.; Millan, Luis; Santee, Michelle L.; Froidevaux, Lucien; Read, William G.
• 署名单位: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Earth Sciences & Astronomy (INSU); Meteo France; University of La Reunion; National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; Meteo France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of La Reunion; Saint Edward's University; University of Houston System; University of Houston; Finnish Meteorological Institute; National Center Atmospheric Research (NCAR) - USA; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; California Institute of Technology; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-11254
• DOI: 10.1126/science.adg2551
• 发表日期: 2023-10-20
• 关键词: heterogeneous chemistry; volcanic-eruptions; mt-pinatubo; el-chichon; chlorine; aerosol; summer; IMPACT; destruction; temperature

摘要

The eruption of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcano on 15 January 2022 offered a good opportunity to explore the early impacts of tropical volcanic eruptions on stratospheric composition. Balloon-borne observations near Reunion Island revealed the unprecedented amount of water vapor injected by the volcano. The enhanced stratospheric humidity, radiative cooling, and expanded aerosol surface area in the volcanic plume created the ideal conditions for swift ozone depletion of 5% in the tropical stratosphere in just 1 week. The decrease in hydrogen chloride by 0.4 parts per million by volume (ppbv) and the increase in chlorine monoxide by 0.4 ppbv provided compelling evidence for chlorine activation within the volcanic plume. This study enhances our understanding of the effect of this unusual volcanic eruption on stratospheric chemistry and provides insights into possible chemistry changes that may occur in a changing climate.