From nature to industry: Harnessing enzymes for biocatalysis

• 成果类型: Review
• 署名作者: Buller, R.; Lutz, S.; Kazlauskas, R. J.; Snajdrova, R.; Moore, J. C.; Bornscheuer, U. T.
• 署名单位: Zurich University of Applied Sciences; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Novartis; Merck & Company; Merck & Company USA
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-9430
• DOI: 10.1126/science.adh8615
• 发表日期: 2023-11-24
• 关键词: dna-synthesis technologies; directed evolution; carbene; enables; DESIGN; prediction; cascade; mechanism; peptides; sequence

摘要

Biocatalysis harnesses enzymes to make valuable products. This green technology is used in countless applications from bench scale to industrial production and allows practitioners to access complex organic molecules, often with fewer synthetic steps and reduced waste. The last decade has seen an explosion in the development of experimental and computational tools to tailor enzymatic properties, equipping enzyme engineers with the ability to create biocatalysts that perform reactions not present in nature. By using (chemo)-enzymatic synthesis routes or orchestrating intricate enzyme cascades, scientists can synthesize elaborate targets ranging from DNA and complex pharmaceuticals to starch made in vitro from CO2-derived methanol. In addition, new chemistries have emerged through the combination of biocatalysis with transition metal catalysis, photocatalysis, and electrocatalysis. This review highlights recent key developments, identifies current limitations, and provides a future prospect for this rapidly developing technology.