Total organic carbon measurements reveal major gaps in petrochemical emissions reporting

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: He, Megan; Ditto, Jenna C.; Gardner, Lexie; Machesky, Jo; Hass-Mitchell, Tori N.; Chen, Christina; Khare, Peeyush; Sahin, Bugra; Fortner, John D.; Plata, Desiree L.; Drollette, Brian D.; Hayden, Katherine L.; Wentzell, Jeremy J. B.; Mittermeier, Richard L.; Leithead, Amy; Lee, Patrick; Darlington, Andrea; Wren, Sumi N.; Zhang, Junhua; Wolde, Mengistu; Moussa, Samar G.; Li, Shao-Meng; Liggio, John; Gentner, Drew R.
• 署名单位: Yale University; Environment & Climate Change Canada; National Research Council Canada; Peking University; Harvard University; Washington University (WUSTL); Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Paul Scherrer Institute; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-8182
• DOI: 10.1126/science.adj6233
• 发表日期: 2024-01-26
• 页码: 426-432
• 关键词: oil sands region; air-quality; alberta; nitrogen; intermediate; methodology; OPERATIONS; aerosols; diesel; quantification

摘要

Anthropogenic organic carbon emissions reporting has been largely limited to subsets of chemically speciated volatile organic compounds. However, new aircraft-based measurements revealed total gas-phase organic carbon emissions that exceed oil sands industry-reported values by 1900% to over 6300%, the bulk of which was due to unaccounted-for intermediate-volatility and semivolatile organic compounds. Measured facility-wide emissions represented approximately 1% of extracted petroleum, resulting in total organic carbon emissions equivalent to that from all other sources across Canada combined. These real-world observations demonstrate total organic carbon measurements as a means of detecting unknown or underreported carbon emissions regardless of chemical features. Because reporting gaps may include hazardous, reactive, or secondary air pollutants, fully constraining the impact of anthropogenic emissions necessitates routine, comprehensive total organic carbon monitoring as an inherent check on mass closure.