The benefits of GLP-1 drugs beyond obesity

• 成果类型: Editorial Material
• 署名作者: Drucker, Daniel J.
• 署名单位: University of Toronto; Sinai Health System Toronto; Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute; University of Toronto
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-13446
• DOI: 10.1126/science.adn4128
• 发表日期: 2024-07-19
• 页码: 258-260
• 关键词: receptor

摘要

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is secreted from gut endocrine cells in response to food ingestion and acts as an incretin hormone to potentiate glucose-dependent insulin secretion. Pharmacological GLP-1 receptor (GLP- 1R) activation reduced glucagon secretion (which raises blood glucose) and gastric emptying, leading to the development of GLP-1 therapies for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). GLP-1R is expressed on several pancreatic islet cell types and within multiple regions of the central nervous system. Subsequent studies revealed that exogenous GLP-1 administration inhibited food intake through brain GLP-1R activation in animals and humans, leading to weight loss. The decades-long use of GLP-1 medicines, principally acylated peptides such as liraglutide and semaglutide, for the treatment of obesity and T2D ( 1 ) has revealed that they also exert pleiotropic actions beyond glucose and weight control, such as reduction of heart and kidney diseases. There are several potential mechanisms underlying these benefits, such as reducing systemic inflammation ( 2 ), which have implications for future clinical applications and drug development.