Growth of metal nanowire forests controlled through stress fields induced by grain gradients

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Kimura, Yasuhiro; Cui, Yi; Suzuki, Takamasa; Tanaka, Yuki; Tanaka, Takaaki; Toku, Yuhki; Ju, Yang
• 署名单位: Nagoya University; Zhejiang University
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-14015
• DOI: 10.1126/science.adn9181
• 发表日期: 2024-08-09
• 页码: 641-646
• 关键词: whisker growth; elastic-moduli; tin whisker; aluminum; mechanism; SURFACES; films; cu; electromigration; nanowhiskers

摘要

Pure metal nanowires (NWs) are one-dimensional nanomaterials with distinctive properties for various applications. Nevertheless, mass-growth forests have not been developed because of vapor pressure limitations, chemical reduction problems, or both. We succeeded in the mass growth of aluminum (Al) NW forests at desired locations by controlling atomic diffusion within the solid film. Whereas prior attention has focused only on how to increase the driving force, we show that focused ion beam irradiation created localized regions of high stress, which provided pathways for atomic diffusion as well as nuclei and driving forces for vertical NW growth. The underlying growth process could in principle be extended to other metals.