Giant polyketide synthase enzymes in the biosynthesis of giant marine polyether toxins

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Fallon, Timothy R.; Shende, Vikram V.; Wierzbicki, Igor H.; Pendleton, Amanda L.; Watervoot, Nathan F.; Auber, Robert P.; Gonzalez, David J.; Wisecaver, Jennifer H.; Moore, Bradley S.
• 署名单位: University of California System; University of California San Diego; Scripps Institution of Oceanography; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Purdue University System; Purdue University; Purdue University System; Purdue University; University of California System; University of California San Diego
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-11188
• DOI: 10.1126/science.ado3290
• 发表日期: 2024-08-09
• 关键词: prymnesium-parvum; multiple alignment; database search; sequence; diversity; protein; reconstruction; dinoflagellate; oxidation; chemistry

摘要

Prymnesium parvum are harmful haptophyte algae that cause massive environmental fish kills. Their polyketide polyether toxins, the prymnesins, are among the largest nonpolymeric compounds in nature and have biosynthetic origins that have remained enigmatic for more than 40 years. In this work, we report the PKZILLAs, massive P. parvum polyketide synthase (PKS) genes that have evaded previous detection. PKZILLA-1 and -2 encode giant protein products of 4.7 and 3.2 megadaltons that have 140 and 99 enzyme domains. Their predicted polyene product matches the proposed pre-prymnesin precursor of the 90-carbon-backbone A-type prymnesins. We further characterize the variant PKZILLA-B1, which is responsible for the shorter B-type analog prymnesin-B1, from P. parvum RCC3426 and thus establish a general model of haptophyte polyether biosynthetic logic. This work expands expectations of genetic and enzymatic size limits in biology.